Composite supernova remnants (SNRs) are those consisting of both a central pulsar that produces a wind of synchrotron-emitting relativistic particle and a supernova (SN) blast wave that expands into the surrounding interstellar medium (ISM). The evolution of the pulsar wind nebula (PWN) is coupled to the evolution of its host SNR and characterized by distinct stages, from the PWN’s early...
I will review several cases which provide the strongest constraints on particle acceleration efficiency in pulsar winds. I will also discuss constraints on particle transport from a multiwavelength data standpoint with an emphasis on recently discovered misaligned outflows (a.k.a. kinetic jets or pulsar filaments) and prospects of detecting/resolving them in the TeV energy range with CTAO.
Pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) are powerful cosmic accelerators, acting as a primary source of energetic leptons in our galaxy. Their high-energy emissions, spanning from X-ray to ultra-high-energy (UHE; >100 TeV), provide a critical diagnostic for understanding acceleration and evolution of ultra-relativistic partlcles within these dynamic sources.
While one-zone models of PWN spectral energy...
Recent LHAASO observations have revealed ultra-high-energy (UHE) gamma-ray emission extending into the PeV range from several pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe), establishing them as prime candidates for Galactic “PeVatrons.” We conducted a comparative study of three PWNe powered by pulsars with markedly different spin-down ages: PSR J0007+7303 (14 kyr), PSR J1849−0001 (43 kyr), and PSR J1740+1000...
