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Kaya Mori (Columbia University), Prof. Reshmi Mukherjee (Barnard College, Columbia University)08/10/2025, 09:00
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Angela Olinto08/10/2025, 09:05
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Zhen Cao08/10/2025, 09:30
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Xiaojie Wang08/10/2025, 10:00Plenary General
The origin of Galactic cosmic rays up to the knee at a few PeV remains one of the central open questions in astroparticle physics. Identifying and characterizing “PeVatrons,” astrophysical accelerators capable of reaching PeV energies, is key to solving this puzzle. The High-Altitude Water Cherenkov Observatory (HAWC) has provided unprecedented sensitivity from hundreds of GeV to beyond 100...
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Jooyun Woo, Jooyun Woo (Columbia University)08/10/2025, 11:00
Young supernova remnants (SNRs), only a few hundred years old, are among the most energetic and dynamic environments in the Galaxy. Their fast shocks (travelling at thousands of km/s) and amplified magnetic fields (0.1–1 G) create ideal conditions for cosmic-ray acceleration. At the same time, high-energy electrons undergo rapid synchrotron cooling, which counteracts acceleration. This balance...
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Rebecca Diesing (Columbia University & Institute for Advanced Study)08/10/2025, 11:30Plenary Early Career
Identifying the accelerators of Galactic cosmic ray (CR) protons with energies up to a few PeV remains a theoretical and observational challenge. Supernova remnants (SNRs) represent strong candidates because they provide sufficient energetics to reproduce the CR flux observed at Earth. Moreover, their strong forward shocks provide an efficient means of accelerating particles: diffusive shock...
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Martin Pohl08/10/2025, 13:30Plenary General
Observations have established supernova remnants (SNRs) as efficient accelerators of cosmic rays, in particular electrons. Whereas the acceleration process is known in principle, many aspects are poorly understood. In fact, a number of central points that were considered certain twenty years ago have since had to be discarded. It is still unclear how the soft production spectrum required by...
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Emily Simon (University of Chicago)08/10/2025, 14:00Topic Talk
The idea of supernova remnants (SNRs) as Galactic PeVatrons is increasingly challenged by the lack of observational evidence, with current theory suggesting that only the most energetic SNRs in unusually dense environments can reach PeV energies. We approach this problem in two complementary ways. First, we rely on neutrinos as smoking-gun signatures of hadronic interactions and compile a...
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Martin Pohl, Silvia Celli08/10/2025, 14:15
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Tea Temim, Tea Temim (Princeton University)08/10/2025, 14:45
Composite supernova remnants (SNRs) are those consisting of both a central pulsar that produces a wind of synchrotron-emitting relativistic particle and a supernova (SN) blast wave that expands into the surrounding interstellar medium (ISM). The evolution of the pulsar wind nebula (PWN) is coupled to the evolution of its host SNR and characterized by distinct stages, from the PWN’s early...
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Oleg Kargaltsev (The George Washington University), Oleg Kargaltsev (The George Washington University)08/10/2025, 15:15Plenary General
I will review several cases which provide the strongest constraints on particle acceleration efficiency in pulsar winds. I will also discuss constraints on particle transport from a multiwavelength data standpoint with an emphasis on recently discovered misaligned outflows (a.k.a. kinetic jets or pulsar filaments) and prospects of detecting/resolving them in the TeV energy range with CTAO.
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Hongjun An (Chungbuk National University)08/10/2025, 16:15Plenary General
Pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) are powerful cosmic accelerators, acting as a primary source of energetic leptons in our galaxy. Their high-energy emissions, spanning from X-ray to ultra-high-energy (UHE; >100 TeV), provide a critical diagnostic for understanding acceleration and evolution of ultra-relativistic partlcles within these dynamic sources.
While one-zone models of PWN spectral energy...
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Seth Gagnon (The George Washington University)08/10/2025, 16:45Topic Talk
Recent LHAASO observations have revealed ultra-high-energy (UHE) gamma-ray emission extending into the PeV range from several pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe), establishing them as prime candidates for Galactic “PeVatrons.” We conducted a comparative study of three PWNe powered by pulsars with markedly different spin-down ages: PSR J0007+7303 (14 kyr), PSR J1849−0001 (43 kyr), and PSR J1740+1000...
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Ruo-Yu Shang, Ruo-Yu Shang (Barnard College)08/10/2025, 17:00
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Alison Mitchell (ECAP, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg), Oleg Kargaltsev (The George Washington University)08/10/2025, 17:15
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Laura Olivera Nieto, Laura Olivera-Nieto (Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam)09/10/2025, 09:00Plenary General
X-ray binary systems exhibiting jets (microquasars) have emerged as promising candidates to explain the observed cosmic-ray flux in the PeV energy range. A handful of microquasars are now known to emit multi-TeV radiation, implying in-situ acceleration of >100 TeV particles. In my talk, I will go over the existing very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray observations of these systems, with a focus on...
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Naomi Tsuji (University of Tokyo/ICRR)09/10/2025, 09:30Plenary General
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Gwenael Giacinti (Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, SJTU)09/10/2025, 10:00Plenary General
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Haocheng Zhang, Dr Haocheng Zhang (University of Maryland Baltimore County)09/10/2025, 11:00
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Kohta Murase09/10/2025, 11:20Plenary General
The recent diffuse gamma-ray and neutrino data support the multimessenger connection expected in hadronic scenarios. Microquasars have been of interest as very-high-energy gamma-ray emitters. We discuss implications of cosmic-ray ion acceleration in such objects as well as possible connections to active galactic nuclei.
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Naomi Tsuji (University of Tokyo/ICRR), Paolo Coppi09/10/2025, 11:40
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Lorenzo Sironi09/10/2025, 13:30
We argue that magnetic reconnection—a process by which opposite field lines annihilate, releasing their energy to the plasma—plays a major role for dissipation of the available free energy in black hole magnetospheres. Inverse Compton scattering within the chain of magnetic islands / flux ropes self-consistently created by reconnection in black hole magnetospheres can power the mysterious hard...
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Luca Orusa (Columbia University)09/10/2025, 14:00Plenary Early Career
Understanding the mechanisms that drive particle acceleration at collisionless, non-relativistic shocks—such as those in supernova remnants—is essential for unveiling the origin of cosmic rays. We use hybrid simulations (kinetic ions–fluid electrons) to study particle acceleration and magnetic field amplification at non-relativistic, weakly magnetized, perpendicular shocks. While no...
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Luca Comisso (Columbia University)09/10/2025, 14:20
Understanding how cosmic rays attain their very high energies remains one of the key open problems in astrophysics. In this talk, I will discuss recent progress on particle acceleration in turbulent, magnetized plasmas, focusing on environments such as magnetized winds, jets, and black hole coronae. I will present results from first-principles particle-in-cell simulations that reveal how...
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Lorenzo Sironi09/10/2025, 14:40
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Shuo Zhang (Michigan State University)09/10/2025, 15:30
TeV emission from the Galactic center strongly suggests the existence of a hadronic Pevatron located within ~10 pc of Sgr A*. If there is indeed a PeV proton/ion source and abundant molecular clouds in the surrounding, we expect several different observable effects such as multi-TeV neutrino, gamma-ray photons and electrons. In this presentation, I will discuss our efforts finding traces of...
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Ke Fang09/10/2025, 16:00
Dozens of ultrahigh-energy gamma-ray sources have been detected to date. However, it remains largely unknown which of these sources accelerate hadronic cosmic rays and thus contribute to the mysterious cosmic-ray knee. High-energy neutrinos offer a unique and unambiguous probe of hadronic PeVatrons, as they are most likely produced through interactions of hadronic cosmic rays. In this talk, I...
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Silvia Celli09/10/2025, 16:30
Neutrino astronomy is starting to unveil new features of the extreme non-thermal Universe, thanks to the operation of several large volume Cherenkov neutrino telescopes, as IceCube, Baikal-GVD, and KM3NeT. These instruments benefit of extended and complementary fields of view, coupled to high duty cycle and sub-degree angular resolution, allowing the study of cosmic neutrinos and their...
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Jamie Holder10/10/2025, 09:00Plenary General
One of the original motivations for the construction of VERITAS was to search for the origin of the highest energy Galactic cosmic rays. The locations explored in this search include the remnants of historical supernovae, middle-aged supernova remnants interacting with dense molecular clouds, and potential cosmic ray “PeVatrons”, identified by their ultra-high-energy gamma-ray emission. We...
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Ruizhi Yang10/10/2025, 09:30
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Silvia Celli10/10/2025, 10:00Plenary General
Young massive stellar clusters (YMSCs) have emerged as energetic non-thermal sources, after the recent observation of extended gamma-ray emission by a dozen YMSCs. The large size of their gamma-ray halos, of the order of the excavated bubble from the collective wind, makes the detection of individual YMSCs rather challenging because of the low surface brightness. As a result, the emission from...
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Lucia Haerer (MPIK, Heidelberg, Germany)10/10/2025, 11:00
Recently, massive-star environments have been established as a new class of gamma-ray sources, which can show degree-scale diffuse emission up to ultra-high energies. They are shaped by feedback from massive stars and harbour a variety of particle accelerators, such as supernova remnants, stellar-wind shocks, and compact objects. A concerted effort of both detailed gamma-ray analyses and...
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Alison Mitchell (ECAP, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg)10/10/2025, 11:20Plenary General
Cosmic ray acceleration to ~PeV energies has recently emerged as being far more common-place than previously understood. The galactic population of known “ultra high energy” (≥ 100 TeV) gamma-ray emitters encompasses a variety of source classes, including pulsar environments, stellar clusters and dark sources. At these energies, however, cosmic rays may more readily escape their accelerator...
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Kaya Mori (Columbia University), Matthew Lundy (Columbia University)10/10/2025, 11:50
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Svanik Tandon (Columbia University)10/10/2025, 13:55
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Jason Alford (NYU)10/10/2025, 14:10Topic Talk
We investigate the origin of unidentified, extended TeV source 1LHAASO J0500+4454, considering three possible origins: cosmic rays interacting with a molecular cloud (MC), particles accelerated in a currently undetected supernova remnant (SNR), and an energetic outflow powered by a pulsar.
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Upper limits on the CO and X-ray emission from the $\gamma$-ray emitting region disfavor the MC and SNR... -
Jaegeun Park (Chungbuk National University)10/10/2025, 14:25Topic Talk
TeV gamma-ray binaries (TGBs) are rare, high-mass systems capable of accelerating particles to energies >10 TeV. Among them, HESS J0632+057, a candidate pulsar–Be star binary, stands out as a promising source, exhibiting phase-dependent X-ray and TeV flares. These phase-dependent flares can provide new insights into pulsar–disk interactions.
We present results from a new multi-wavelength...
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Eduardo De La Fuente Acosta, Montserrat Montiel Dücker Romero, Montserrat Montiel Dücker Romero (Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey)10/10/2025, 14:40
The HAWC observatory detected ฆร-ray emission from the microquasar V4641 Sgr ($\gt$ 200 TeV) and revealed a $\sim$ 100 pc bubble, indicating PeV--scale particle acceleration; LHAASO subsequently extended the spectrum to ~0.8 PeV. In IR--mm data, we identify a millimeter clump $\sim$ 20$'$ from the microquasar, report its position and basic properties, and assess any spatial/kinematic...
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Marco Tavani10/10/2025, 14:55
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Matthew Lundy (Columbia University)10/10/2025, 15:40Topic Talk
The recent LHAASO survey has revealed a new population of >25 TeV sources in the Northern Hemisphere, including several PeVatron candidates without clear counterparts at lower energies. These “TeV-only” sources present a critical test for models of Galactic particle acceleration. VERITAS, with its superior angular resolution and sensitivity between 100 GeV and 25 TeV, is well positioned to...
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Dezhi Huang10/10/2025, 15:55Topic Talk
The eHWC J1825-134 region, located in the southern field of view of the High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory, is among the most complex gamma-ray emission sites on the Galactic plane. This region hosts several potential PeVatron candidates capable of accelerating particles to PeV energies. Disentangling the overlapping gamma-ray emission and linking it to specific accelerators is...
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Paolo Coppi10/10/2025, 16:10
Extreme particle acceleration usually involves magnetic fields and thus is inevitably accompanied by synchrotron emission from the accelerated particles.
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Measurement of this emission, including its polarization, can break model degeneracies and place important constraints on the physical mechanisms operating in a pevatron source.
I will briefly review some of the constraints and then... -
Nilay Mancini10/10/2025, 16:25Topic Talk
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Andrea Giuliani10/10/2025, 16:40
The ASTRI Mini-Array is an array of nine Cherenkov telescopes under construction at the Teide Astronomical Observatory in Tenerife, Spain. Its Schwarzchild-Couder double-mirror optical design allows its camera to cover a large field of view (∼10 degrees in diameter), providing good gamma-ray sensitivity and angular resolution in the multi-TeV range and beyond (up to ∼200 TeV). This will...
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Jamie Holder10/10/2025, 16:55
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Kaya Mori (Columbia University), Prof. Reshmi Mukherjee (Barnard College, Columbia University)10/10/2025, 17:15
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Haocheng ZhangPlenary General
Being the galactic cousins of jetted active galactic nuclei (AGN), microquasars in our Milky Way are important astrophysical systems to study jet physics. Recent IXPE observations of SS 433 revealed very high X-ray polarization degree in its e1 knot. The underlying magnetic field appears to be along the jet direction, suggesting a dominating poloidal magnetic field component in this area....
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Shuo Zhang (Michigan State University)Plenary General
TeV emission from the Galactic center strongly suggests the existence of a hadronic Pevatron located within ~10 pc of Sgr A*. If there is indeed a PeV proton/ion source and abundant molecular clouds in the surrounding, we expect several different observable effects such as multi-TeV neutrino, gamma-ray photons and electrons. In this presentation, I will discuss our efforts finding traces of...
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